"Languages"
The original languages on Java are Sundanese in West Java and Javanese with many variations and dialects. In Jakarta, the Betawi dialect is used, and due to its democratic and open style it has become the preferred language of young people. So much so that most of the shows and soap operas on television today use Betawi dialect or vocabulary.
Bahasa Indonesia is the country’s national language and is the official language used in official meetings and correspondence, rules and regulations, and on television news cast. Most people on Java speak at least two languages, their mother tongue and Bahasa Indonesia. . . . .
"Enduring Arts and Crafts"
In the courts of Java, philosophy and the arts flourished. Influenced by Hindu and Chinese civilizations, Java absorbed and blended cultures these with “local genius” to produce the culture, philosophy and arts that are uniquely Java, and now very Indonesian. Java maintains that life must be kept in harmony between man and the Almighty, and between man and his social and natural environment. And, in order to maintain peace there must be tolerance and grace among members of society.
Inspired by the Hindu Ramayana and the Mahabharata epics, Java expressed these through dance dramas and shadow puppet all night performances, accompanied by the rippling music of the gamelan orchestra.
In daily life, the beautiful Batik cloth was not merely material to wear, but symbolized life cycle and social status. Sponsored by the courts, gold and silver jewelry and copper vases, spittoons, and other receptacles were produced, as are fine woodcarvings and pottery made in villages surrounding the palace. All these have continued to thrive until today.
Today, Batik designs vary from region to region, producing materials that are uniquely Indonesian.
The common people also developed their own arts and crafts. , Debus in Banten are examples of dances using supernatural powers. Others like the Jaipongan dance of West Java are community dances. And later the area also produced the angklung, bamboo instrument that has adjusted to western music.
In cities today, Indonesia’s creative arts are revived, producing modern interpretations of ancient artistic expressions.
Jazz, pop music and cinematic arts are enjoyed by the younger generation, making Java very ancient and very modern both at the same time.
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